Experience the Thrill of Piloting the Embraer 175 | Cockpit Views

Table of Contents

1. Pre-Flight Preparations

   • Cockpit Configuration
   • Overhead Panel Check
   • Instrument Check
   • Trim Panel Check
   • Audio Panel and Cockpit Door Control Check

2. Clearance and Briefings

   • Calling for Clearance
   • Routing and Altitude
   • Cruise Mach and Speeds
   • Fuel and Distance Calculations
   • Thrust Setting and Flex Temperature
   • Payload and Takeoff Weight
   • Radar, Weather, and Runway Check

3. Takeoff and Departure

   • Pushback and Engine Start
   • Taxi and Before Takeoff Checklist
   • Flight Controls Check
   • Takeoff Roll and Rotation
   • Climb and Route Navigation

4. Enroute and Descent

   • Communication with Air Traffic Control
   • Cruise Altitude and Setting
   • Navigation and Monitoring
   • Weather Updates and Passenger Announcements
   • Descent Planning and Approach Briefing

5. Landing and Post-Flight

   • Final Approach and Landing Checklist
   • Taxi to the Gate
   • Shutdown and Deboarding Procedures
   • Post-Flight Inspections and Documentation

Pre-Flight Preparations

Before every flight, a series of pre-flight preparations are conducted to ensure the aircraft is in optimal condition and ready for departure. These preparations include various checks and configurations, both in the cockpit and on the aircraft.

Cockpit Configuration

The first step in the pre-flight preparations is the cockpit configuration check. This involves setting up the overhead panel and verifying that all the necessary systems and controls are in the correct position. These include checking the electrical panel, cockpit lights, annunciator test, fire handles, fuel panels, and various switches and selectors. This ensures that all the necessary systems are powered on and ready for operation.

Overhead Panel Check

Once the cockpit configuration is complete, the overhead panel is then further inspected to ensure all the indicators and controls are functioning properly. This includes checking the DVD-R panel, electrical panel, dome light, fire extinguishing panel, APU control, wipers, external lights, anti-ice and windshield heat, pneumatics, cabin temperature control, and passenger oxygen mode selectors. Any abnormalities or malfunctions are addressed before proceeding.

Instrument Check

After the overhead panel check, the instruments and guidance panel are verified for accuracy. The altimeter setting is checked and properly set, and the guidance panel is configured to reflect the correct heading and altitude. The primary flight display (PFD), multi-function display (MFD), and integrated standby instrument system (ISIS) are checked to ensure all indications are normal and aligned.

Trim Panel Check

Following the instrument check, the trim panel is run through to ensure proper operation. This involves running the elevator, aileron, and rudder trims through their full range of motion and verifying that they respond accordingly. Any discrepancies are noted and addressed before proceeding.

Audio Panel and Cockpit Door Control Check

The final step in the pre-flight preparations is the configuration of the audio panel and checking the cockpit door control. The audio panel settings are adjusted to ensure proper communication with air traffic control and other crew members. The cockpit door control is also inspected to ensure it is secure and functioning correctly.

Clearance and Briefings

Once the pre-flight preparations are complete, the next step is to call for clearance and conduct the necessary briefings for the flight. This involves obtaining the clearance from air traffic control and discussing the routing, altitude, speeds, fuel calculations, and other important details with the crew.

Calling for Clearance

The pilot contacts air traffic control to request the necessary clearance for the flight. This includes providing the flight number, departure airport, destination airport, and any requested changes to the routing or altitude. The clearance is then Read back to confirm understanding and compliance.

Routing and Altitude

After obtaining the clearance, the routing and altitude for the flight are discussed. The planned route is reviewed, including any necessary waypoints or airways. The assigned altitude or flight level is confirmed, and any altitude restrictions or changes are noted. This ensures that the aircraft stays on the correct path and adheres to the assigned altitude.

Cruise Mach and Speeds

During the briefings, the cruise Mach and speeds for the flight are determined. The appropriate Mach number for the cruise phase is selected Based on the aircraft's performance capabilities and the expected wind conditions. The speeds for takeoff, climb, and descent are also calculated to ensure smooth and efficient flight operations.

Fuel and Distance Calculations

Fuel calculations are performed to determine the required amount of fuel for the flight. This includes considering the distance of the flight, expected wind conditions, reserves, and any alternate or contingency fuel requirements. The amount of fuel required is verified to ensure that it meets the regulatory and safety standards.

Thrust Setting and Flex Temperature

The thrust setting and flex temperature for takeoff are determined during the briefings. The thrust setting is selected based on factors such as runway length, aircraft weight, and weather conditions. The flex temperature, which determines the maximum temperature at which the engines can operate with reduced thrust, is also determined to optimize takeoff performance.

Payload and Takeoff Weight

The payload and takeoff weight of the aircraft are calculated and verified. This includes considering the weight of the passengers, Cargo, fuel, and any additional items onboard. The takeoff weight is compared to the maximum takeoff weight specified by the aircraft manufacturer to ensure compliance and safety.

Radar, Weather, and Runway Check

Lastly, the radar, weather, and runway conditions are reviewed. The radar is checked for any potential weather hazards along the route, such as storms or turbulence. The Current weather conditions at the departure and destination airports are assessed to ensure safe operations. The runway conditions, including any reported braking action or restrictions, are also reviewed to ensure a smooth takeoff and landing.

Takeoff and Departure

After completing the necessary briefings and pre-flight preparations, the aircraft is ready for takeoff. This phase of the flight involves the pushback, engine start, taxi, and eventually, the actual takeoff.

Pushback and Engine Start

The pushback from the gate is performed to move the aircraft away from the terminal and prepare it for departure. The brake is released, and the aircraft is pushed back by a specialized vehicle. Once in the appropriate position, the engine start procedure is initiated. The engines are started one by one, and all the necessary checks and indications are monitored to ensure proper engine operation.

Taxi and Before Takeoff Checklist

After the engine start, the aircraft moves under its own power and taxis to the assigned runway for takeoff. During the taxi, the before takeoff checklist is performed. This includes a series of checks to ensure that all systems, controls, and indicators are in the correct position for takeoff. Any abnormalities or malfunctions are addressed before proceeding.

Flight Controls Check

One crucial step in the before takeoff checklist is the flight controls check. The flight controls, including ailerons, elevators, and rudder, are manually tested to ensure their full range of motion and proper response. This ensures that the aircraft can be controlled effectively during the takeoff roll and subsequent flight.

Takeoff Roll and Rotation

With all the pre-flight checks complete, the aircraft enters the takeoff roll. The engines are set to the appropriate thrust level, and the aircraft gains speed on the runway. Once the airspeed reaches the rotation speed, the pilot applies gentle backpressure on the control column, causing the nose of the aircraft to lift off the ground. This marks the beginning of the actual takeoff.

Climb and Route Navigation

After the aircraft is airborne, the climb phase begins. The aircraft ascends to the assigned altitude or flight level while adhering to the assigned route. Navigation aids, such as GPS or VOR, are used to ensure accurate and precise navigation. The climb phase typically involves maintaining a specific climb rate and adjusting the engine thrust as required.

Enroute and Descent

Once the aircraft reaches its assigned cruise altitude, it enters the enroute phase of the flight. This phase involves monitoring the aircraft systems, communicating with air traffic control, and preparing for the descent and arrival at the destination airport.

Communication with Air Traffic Control

Throughout the enroute phase, the pilot maintains communication with air traffic control. This includes reporting position updates, receiving and adhering to any necessary instructions, and obtaining the latest weather updates or turbulence reports. Effective communication with air traffic control helps ensure a safe and efficient flight.

Cruise Altitude and Setting

During the cruise phase, the pilot maintains the assigned altitude or flight level. The aircraft systems are meticulously monitored, and any abnormal indications or malfunctions are addressed promptly. The cruise altitude setting is verified to ensure accurate altitude readings and to comply with regulatory requirements.

Navigation and Monitoring

Accurate navigation is crucial during the enroute phase. The pilot monitors the aircraft's position, heading, and groundspeed using the navigation instruments and aids available. This includes cross-checking the aircraft's GPS position, ground-based navigational aids, and flight management system. Any deviations from the planned route are corrected promptly.

Weather Updates and Passenger Announcements

The pilot regularly receives weather updates and turbulence reports from air traffic control. This information is crucial for flight planning, route adjustments, and ensuring passenger comfort and safety. The pilot uses this information to make informed decisions regarding altitudes, routing, and potential deviations due to weather or turbulence.

Descent Planning and Approach Briefing

As the aircraft approaches the destination airport, the descent planning phase begins. The pilot calculates the descent profile, taking into account factors such as the assigned arrival procedure, the estimated time of arrival, and any speed or altitude restrictions. An approach briefing is conducted, covering the anticipated approach Type, landing runway, approach aids, and any special procedures or considerations for the landing.

Landing and Post-Flight

After the descent and approach phase, the aircraft prepares for landing at the destination airport. Once landed, the post-flight procedures are performed to secure the aircraft and prepare it for the next flight.

Final Approach and Landing Checklist

As the aircraft nears the destination airport, the final approach checklist is performed. This includes a series of checks to ensure that all necessary systems, controls, and indications are in the correct position for landing. The landing gear is extended, the flaps are set to the appropriate position, and the landing lights are turned on. The pilot also reviews and confirms the landing runway, wind conditions, and any runway-specific procedures.

Taxi to the Gate

After a smooth touchdown, the aircraft exits the runway and enters the taxiway. The pilot navigates the aircraft to the assigned gate or parking position, following the instructions of the ground controller. The taxi speed is controlled, and any necessary clearances or inspections are obtained before reaching the gate.

Shutdown and Deboarding Procedures

Once the aircraft reaches the gate, the shutdown procedures are initiated. The engines are turned off, and all electrical and hydraulic systems are secured. The doors are opened, and passengers are instructed to disembark in an orderly manner. Any necessary post-flight inspections or maintenance checks are performed to ensure the aircraft's airworthiness.

Post-Flight Inspections and Documentation

After the passengers have deboarded, the post-flight inspections and documentation are completed. This includes visually inspecting the aircraft for any damage or abnormalities, checking engine oil levels, and documenting any Relevant information or issues that occurred during the flight. The aircraft is then prepared for the next flight, and any required maintenance or repairs are scheduled.

Conclusion

The pre-flight preparations, takeoff and departure, enroute and descent, and landing and post-flight procedures are crucial components of every flight. Each phase involves a series of checks, briefings, and actions to ensure the safety, efficiency, and comfort of the flight. By following these procedures meticulously, pilots and crew members contribute to the smooth operation of flights and the overall success of the aviation industry.